Arah Kebijakan Sektor Pertanian di Indonesia untuk Menghadapi Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Abstract
Agricultural policy is a government effort in regulating, controlling aspects of development in the agricultural sector with the aim of maintaining and increasing food yields. The great results of the objectives of agricultural policies will be able to be realized if they can be translated into concrete steps and can be implemented consistently in the field. Agricultural policy directions try to see the concept of policies developed and practices to realize the goals of agricultural policies in Indonesia. This study focuses on institutions, regulations and issues of inadequate budget allocation, human resources that are less qualified in the management of land and agricultural products. The purpose of this study is to describe the direction of Indonesian agricultural policy in facing the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0. This research uses qualitative research with a literature review approach. The results showed that there was no synchronization of agricultural policies at various levels of government, low budgets for agricultural development, spatial production practices at the expense of agricultural land in boosting regional income and the low utilization of technology and diversification in the use of agricultural technology showed that agricultural conditions in Indonesia were at an alarming level. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately synchronize agricultural policies at various levels of government and the allocation policies for agricultural development funds.
Downloads
References
Altieri M (2004). Agroecologia: a Dinâmica Produtiva da Agricultura Sustentável. 4. ed. UFRGS: Rio Grande do Sul. 110 p.
Arifin, B. (2004). Analisis Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia. Jakarta: Kompas.
Ashari, A. (2016). Optimalisasi Kebijakan Kredit Program Sektor Pertanian di Indonesia. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 7(1), 21-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v7n1.2009.21-42
Birthal, P. S., Hazrana, J., & Negi, D. S. (2020). Diversification in Indian Agriculture towards High Value Crops: Multilevel Determinants and Policy Implications. Land Use Policy, 91, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104427
Bovet, J., Reese, M., & Köck, W. (2018). Taming Expansive Land use Dynamics–Sustainable Land Use Regulation and Urban Sprawl in A Comparative Perspective. Land Use Policy, 77, 837-845. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.03.024
Chadijah, Wardhani, Imron. (2020). Kebijakan Reforma Agraria Terhadap Lahan Pertanian di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Jurnal Cendika Hukum, 20(1), 91-103. http://doi.org/10.33760/jch.v6i1.286
Chavas, J. P., & Nauges, C. (2020). Uncertainty, Learning, and Technology Adoption in Agriculture. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 0(0), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13003
Clune, T. (2020). Conceptualising Policy for Sustainable Agriculture Development. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8500.12436
Colsaet, A., Laurans, Y., & Levrel, H. (2018). What Drives Land Take and Urban Land Expansion? A Systematic Review. Land Use Policy, 79, 339-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.08.017
Dabukke, Frans B.M., Iqbal. 2016. Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian Thailand, India, dan Jepang Serta Implikasinya Bagi Indonesia. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 12(2): 87-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v12n2.2014.87-101
Desiyana, I. (2016). Urban Sprawl dan Dampaknya pada Kualitas Lingkungan. Ultimart: Jurnal Komunikasi Visual, 9(2), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.31937/ultimart.v9i2.745
Elizabeth, R. (2016). Pemberdayaan Wanita Mendukung Strategi Gender Mainstreaming dalam Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian di Perdesaan. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 25 (2), 126-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v25n2.2007.126-135
Fattah, Nur & Purnomo, Priyo. (2018). Analisis Kebijakan Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Ke Non – Pertanian di Kabupaten Klaten Tahun 2013-2016 (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Ceper Kabupaten Klaten). JISPO Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, 10(1), 113-140. https://doi.org/10.15575/jp.v8i1.2774
Fatchiya, Anna, Amanah, Kusumastuti. (2016). Penerapan Inovasi Teknologi Pertanian dan Hubungannya dengan Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani. Jurnal Penyuluhan 12(2): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.25015/penyuluhan.v12i2.12988
Gartina, Dhani. (2015). Diseminasi Inovasi Teknologi Pertanian Melalui Portal Web Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jurnal Informatika Pertanian, 24(1), 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/ip.v24n1.2015.p121-132
Gravey, V. (2019). Finally Free to Green Agriculture Policy? UK post‐Brexit Policy Developments in the Shadow of the CAP and Devolution. Euro Choices, 18(2), 11-16. https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12234
Handaka, NFN, Prabowo. (2016). Kebijakan Antisipatif Pengembangan Mekanisasi Pertanian.Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian 11(1), 27-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v11n1.2013.27-44
Harini, Ariani, Supriyati & Satriagasa. (2019). Analisis Luas Lahan Pertanian Terhadap Produksi Padi di Kalimantan Utara. Kawistana, 9(1), 15-27. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.38755
Iqbal, Muhammad, Muslim, Saputra,. (2016). Analisis Konsistensi Substansi dan Implementasi Serta Dampak Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Jurnal Pertanahan 6(1), 21–60.
Irawan, Bambang. (2005). Konversi Lahan Sawah: Potensi Dampak, Pola Pemanfaatannya, Dan Faktor Determinan. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi (FAE) , 23(1), 1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v23n1.2005.1-18
Jabuddin, Padangaran, Bafadal & Budiyanto. (2019). Dinamika Kebijakan Fiskal dan Kinerja Sektor Pertanian pada Kabupaten/Kota di Sulawesi Tenggara. Jurnal Sosio Agribisnis, 4(1), 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33772/jsa.v4i1.7408
Janah, R. A., Trisetyo Eddy, B., & Dalmiyatun, T. (2017). Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian dan Dampaknya Terhadap Kehidupan Penduduk di Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak. JurnalAgrisocionomics, 1(1),1-10 https://doi.org/10.14710/agrisocionomics.v1i1.1629
Jayadi, Christiawan, Sarmita. (2018). Dampak Pertumbuhan Penduduk Terhadap Daya Dukung Lahan Pertanian di Desa Sambangan. e-journal Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 8.
Khusna, K., Kurniati, R. F., & Muhaimin, M. (2019). Pengembangan Model Pemberdayaan Petani Padi melalui Program Hulu Hilir Agromaritim Bidang Pertanian. Matra Pembaruan: Jurnal Inovasi Kebijakan, 3(2), 89-98. https://doi.org/10.21787/mp.3.2.2019.89-98
Lapatandau, Rumagit, Pakasi. (2017). Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Jurnal Ilmiah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, 13(2A), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.13.2A.2017.16548
Li, X., Wang, D., & Li, M. (2020). Convenience analysis of sustainable E-agriculture based on blockchain technology. Journal of Cleaner Production, 271,. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122503
Luke, Sarah H. et al. (2019). Riparian Buffers in Tropical Agriculture: Scientific Support, Effectiveness and Directions for Policy. Journal of Applied Ecology 56(1), 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13280
Malyni, Heni. (2016). Persepsi Petani Terhadap Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pendapatan Usaha tani Padi di Desa Telang Sari Kecamatan Tanjung Lago. Thesis: Univeritas Sriwijaya Palembang.
Mayrowani, H. (2012). Pembangunan Pertanian pada Era Otonomi Daerah: Kebijakan dan Implementasi. Forum penelitian Agro Ekonomi (FAE), 30(1), 31-47 http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v30n1.2012.31-47
Miles, M.B., Huberman, A.M. & Saldana, J. (2014) Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. London:Sage Publications..
Nurrokhman, A. (2019). Urban Sprawl di Indonesia dan Kegagalan Implementasi Kebijakan Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan. https://osf.io/preprints/inarxiv/tqj8c/
Pakpahan, A. (2018). Pergeseran dalam Indeks Kelaparan Global (Global Hunger Index) 2000-2017: Implikasi terhadap Kebijakan Pertanian, Pangan, dan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Indonesia. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 35(2), 75-90.
Pearson, S., C. Gotsh and S. Bahri. (2004). Application of Policy Analysis Matrix in Indonesian Agriculture. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor.
Priyadarshini, P., & Abhilash, P. C. (2020). Policy Recommendations For Enabling Transition Towards Sustainable Agriculture in India. Land Use Policy, 96, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104718
Quiroga, S., Suárez, C., Fernández-Haddad, Z., & Philippidis, G. (2017). Levelling the Playing Field for European Union agriculture: Does the Common Agricultural Policy Impact Homogeneously on Farm Productivity and Efficiency?. Land Use Policy, 68, 179-188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.07.057
Ragasa, C., S.C. Babu and J. Ulimwengu. (2011). Institutional and Capacity Challenges in Agricultural Policy Process. Melbourne: IFPRI.
Rose, D. C., Sutherland, W. J., Barnes, A. P., Borthwick, F., Ffoulkes, C., Hall, C., ... & Dicks, L. V. (2019). Integrated Farm Management for Sustainable Agriculture: Lessons for Knowledge Exchange and Policy. Land Use Policy, 81, 834-842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.11.001
Rusdiana, S., & Maesya, A. (2018). Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Kebutuhan Pangan di Indonesia. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan Pertanian, 7(2), 176–187. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/agriekonomika.v6i1.1895
Sampeliling, Sostenis, Santun R.P. Sitorus, Siti Nurisyah, and Bambang Pramudya. (2016). Kebijakan Pengembangan Pertanian Kota Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus di DKI Jakarta. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian 10(3), 257-267. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v10n3.2012.257-267
Saragih, Juli. (2016). Tantangan Kebijakan Pengembangan Sektor Pertanian di Masa Datang. Kajian, 21(2), 105-123. https://doi.org/10.22212/kajian.v21i2.770
Senjaya, Ihsan. (2017). Kebijakan Publik Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Di Kabupaten Batang :Analisis Teori David Easton. Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah, 12(4), 825-832.
Septiadi, Dedi & Nursan, Muhammad. (2020). Pengentasan Kemiskinan Indonesia: Analisisi Dikator Makroekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian. Jurnal Hexagro, 4(1), 1-14
Snoodgrass, Milton & L.T. Wallace. (1975). Agriculture, Economics, and Resource Management. New Delhi: Practice Hall.
Sudhira, H. S., Ramachandra, T. V., & Jagadish, K. S. (2004). Urban Sprawl: Metrics, Dynamics and Modelling Using GIS. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 5(1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2003.08.002
Supriadi, H. (2016). Strategi Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian di Papua Barat. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 6(4), 352 - 377.
Susilowati, Hery. (2016). Fenomena Penuaan Petani dan Berkurangnya Tenaga Kerja Muda Serta Implikasinya Bagi Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertania. Forum Penelitian Agroekonomi. 34(1), 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fae.v34n1.2016.35-55
Swastika, D. K., & Hardinsyah, H. (2016). Kebijakan Produksi dan Peredaran Produk Pertanian Hasil Rekayasa Genetika (PRG) di Indonesia. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 6(2), 103-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v6n2.2008.103-113
Utami, Ayu & Anwar. (2019). Dampak Konversi Lahan Pertanian Terhadap Pola Produksi dan Pola Konsumsi Rumahtangga Petani di Kota Mataram. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian (CROP AGRO), 20(1), 10-18.
Van Tongeren, F. 2008. Agricultural Policy Design and Implementation: A Synthesis. OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Paper No. 7. OECD Publishing. Paris.
Ville, Hickey & Phillip. (2017). Institutional Analysis of Food and Agriculture Policy in the Caribbean: The Case of Saint Lucia. Journal of Rural Studies, 51, 198-2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.03.004
Yudharta, Putu. (2017). Alternatif Kebijakan Pertanian dalam Menghadapi Otonomi Desa di Kabupaten Tabanan. Matra Pembaruan Jurnal Inovasi Kebijakan, 1(2), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.21787/mp.1.2.2017.65-74
Zeid, Mestika. 2004. Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia
Zulkifli, Rusli & Daniel. (2017). Studi Kebijakan Pembangunan Pertanian Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Produksi Komoditas Unggulan Beras Adan dan Binamud di Desa Binuang Kecamatan Krayan Tengah Kabupaten Nunukan. FisiPublik : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.24903/fpb.v2i2.251
Copyright (c) 2020 Ach Apriyanto Romadhan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.